Incompetent Cervix Causes, Symptoms, and ManagementIncompetent Cervix Causes, Symptoms, and Management
Incompetent Cervix: Causes, Symptoms, and Management Introduction The cervix, the lowermost part of the uterus, plays a crucial role in maintaining pregnancy. During pregnancy, the cervix remains closed and firm, preventing the fetus and amniotic fluid from exiting prematurely. However, in some cases, the cervix may become weak and incompetent, leading to a condition known as incompetent cervix. This condition can result in premature birth and other complications. Causes of Incompetent Cervix The exact cause of incompetent cervix is often unknown, but several factors have been identified as potential contributors: Congenital abnormalities: Some individuals may be born with a weak or abnormally shaped cervix. Trauma: Injuries to the cervix during childbirth, abortion, or other procedures can weaken the tissue. Previous cervical surgeries: Surgeries to treat conditions such as cervical cancer or previous deliveries can damage the cervix and make it more susceptible to incompetence. Connective tissue disorders: Women with connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers–Danlos syndrome or Marfan syndrome, may have weaker cervical tissue. Hormonal factors: Progesterone deficiency can contribute to cervical weakness, as progesterone plays a role in maintaining the strength of the cervix. Symptoms of Incompetent Cervix In most cases, incompetent cervix does not cause any symptoms during pregnancy. However, in some individuals, the following signs may be present: Painless vaginal bleeding Pelvic pressure or fullness Low back pain Vaginal discharge Diagnosis of Incompetent Cervix Incompetent cervix is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination and medical history. During the examination, the healthcare provider checks for cervical length and firmness. Ultrasound imaging may also be used to measure the length of the cervix and assess the risk of premature birth. Foods that you must Avoid with incompetent Cervix Management of Incompetent Cervix The management of incompetent cervix depends on the severity of the condition and the gestational age. Observation: For mild cases of incompetent cervix, close monitoring and observation may be sufficient. Cervical cerclage: This is a surgical procedure where a suture is placed around the cervix to tighten it and prevent premature opening. A cervical cerclage is typically performed between 12 and 16 weeks of pregnancy.